1001Philosophers

Al-Razi 854 – 925

Abu Bakr al-Razi, known to the Latin West as Rhazes, was a Persian polymath, physician, alchemist, and philosopher, and one of the most original minds of the Islamic Golden Age. As head of hospitals in Rayy and Baghdad, he produced a vast encyclopedic medical work, the Comprehensive Book, and a celebrated treatise on smallpox and measles. In philosophy he defended a strikingly heterodox position: that the prophets are unnecessary because reason is the gift of God to every human being, and that revealed religion is a source of conflict among peoples. He held that knowledge is the highest good and the practice of medicine its proper exercise.

Key facts

Nationality
Persian
Era
Medieval
Movements
Islamic, Medieval

Selected quotes

  • Attributed to Al-Razi:

    “Truth in medicine is an unattainable goal, and the art as described in books is far beneath the knowledge of an experienced thoughtful physician.”

  • Attributed to Al-Razi:

    “All learning is preceded by the recognition of one's own ignorance.”

  • Attributed to Al-Razi:

    “The intellect is God's greatest gift to humankind, and we should not impose another authority above it.”

  • Attributed to Al-Razi:

    “When the patient gets too much medicine, the disease is harmed but the patient is harmed too.”

  • Attributed to Al-Razi:

    “The physician's task is to imitate the work of nature.”