All Philosophers
An alphabetical directory of every philosopher in 1001Philosophers, currently 1002 thinkers spanning the Ancient, Medieval, Modern, and Contemporary periods. Click any name to read the biography, quotes, and any famous misattributions.
A
- A. C. Graham
- A. J. Ayer
- A. N. Prior
- Abe Masao
- Abhinavagupta
- Abraham Joshua Heschel
- Achille Mbembe
- Adam Ferguson
- Adam Smith
- Adelard of Bath
- Adi Shankara
- Adolf Reinach
- Adriana Cavarero
- Aelred of Rievaulx
- Aenesidemus
- Aesara of Lucania
- Aetius the Doxographer
- Agrippa the Skeptic
- Aime Cesaire
- Akeel Bilgrami
- Akka Mahadevi
- Akshapada Gautama
- Al-Ashari
- Al-Biruni
- Al-Farabi
- Al-Ghazali
- Al-Hallaj
- Al-Junayd of Baghdad
- Al-Kindi
- Al-Mawardi
- Al-Razi
- Alain
- Alain Badiou
- Alain Locke
- Alan of Lille
- Alan Turing
- Alasdair MacIntyre
- Albert Camus
- Albert Einstein
- Albert Memmi
- Albert the Great
- Albrecht Wellmer
- Alcinous
- Alcmaeon of Croton
- Alcuin of York
- Aleksei Losev
- Alexander Herzen
- Alexander of Aphrodisias
- Alexander of Hales
- Alexandre Kojeve
- Alexandre Koyre
- Alexei Khomyakov
- Alexis de Tocqueville
- Alexis Kagame
- Alexius Meinong
- Alfred North Whitehead
- Alfred Schmidt
- Alfred Schutz
- Alfred Tarski
- Ali Shariati
- Allameh Tabatabai
- Alvin Plantinga
- Amartya Sen
- Ammonius Hermiae
- Ammonius Saccas
- Ananda Coomaraswamy
- Anaxagoras
- Anaxarchus
- Anaximander
- Anaximenes
- Andrew Seth Pringle-Pattison
- Andronicus of Rhodes
- Anibal Quijano
- Anna Doyle Wheeler
- Anna Julia Cooper
- Anna Maria van Schurman
- Anne Conway
- Anne Phillips
- Annette Baier
- Anselm of Canterbury
- Anthony Collins
- Antiochus of Ascalon
- Antipater of Tarsus
- Antiphon
- Antiphon the Sophist
- Antisthenes
- Antoine Arnauld
- Anton Wilhelm Amo
- Antonio Caso
- Antonio Genovesi
- Antonio Gramsci
- Antonio Negri
- Antonio Rosmini
- Antony Flew
- Apollodorus the Garden Tyrant
- Arcesilaus
- Archelaus
- Archytas of Tarentum
- Arete of Cyrene
- Aristides Quintilianus
- Aristippus
- Aristo of Chios
- Aristotle
- Aristoxenus
- Arne Naess
- Arnold Gehlen
- Aron Gurwitsch
- Arthur Schopenhauer
- Aryadeva
- Asanga
- Asclepigenia of Athens
- Asvaghosa
- Athanasius
- Athenodorus Cananites
- Atisha
- Audre Lorde
- August Cieszkowski
- Auguste Comte
- Augustine of Hippo
- Augusto Salazar Bondy
- Averroes
- Avicenna
- Avishai Margalit
- Avraham ibn Daud
- Axel Honneth
B
- B. R. Ambedkar
- Bahya ibn Paquda
- Bankei Yotaku
- Baron d'Holbach
- Bartolome de Las Casas
- Baruch Spinoza
- Bas van Fraassen
- Basil the Great
- Bathsua Makin
- Beatrijs of Nazareth
- Bede
- bell hooks
- Benedetto Croce
- Benjamin Constant
- Berengar of Tours
- Bernard Bolzano
- Bernard Bosanquet
- Bernard Lonergan
- Bernard Mandeville
- Bernard of Chartres
- Bernard of Clairvaux
- Bernard Silvestris
- Bernard Stiegler
- Bernard Williams
- Bernardino Telesio
- Bertrand Russell
- Bhartrihari
- Bhaviveka
- Bimal Krishna Matilal
- Bion of Borysthenes
- Blaise Pascal
- Boethius
- Boethius of Dacia
- Bonaventure
- Borden Parker Bowne
- Boris Groys
- Brand Blanshard
- Bronson Alcott
- Bruno Bauer
- Bruno Latour
- Buddha
- Buddhaghosa
- Buddhapalita
- Byung-Chul Han
C
- C. D. Broad
- C. I. Lewis
- Candrakirti
- Carl Hempel
- Carl Schmitt
- Carl Stumpf
- Carneades
- Carol Gilligan
- Cassiodorus
- Catharine Macaulay
- Catharine Trotter Cockburn
- Catherine Malabou
- Catherine of Genoa
- Catherine of Siena
- Cesare Beccaria
- Cesare Cremonini
- Chalcidius
- Charles Darwin
- Charles Fourier
- Charles Hartshorne
- Charles Mills
- Charles Renouvier
- Charles Sanders Peirce
- Charles Stevenson
- Charles Taylor
- Charlotte Perkins Gilman
- Cheikh Anta Diop
- Cheng Hao
- Cheng Yi
- Christian Garve
- Christian Thomasius
- Christian Wolff
- Christine de Pizan
- Christine Korsgaard
- Chrysippus
- Cicero
- Claude Adrien Helvetius
- Claude Levi-Strauss
- Cleanthes
- Clement of Alexandria
- Coluccio Salutati
- Comenius
- Confucius
- Cornel West
- Cornelius Castoriadis
- Crantor
- Crates of Athens
- Crates of Thebes
- Cratylus
- Critias
- Critolaus of Phaselis
D
- D. M. Armstrong
- D. T. Suzuki
- Dai Zhen
- Damaris Cudworth Masham
- Damascius
- Daniel Dennett
- David Chalmers
- David Hume
- David Lewis
- David Strauss
- Daya Krishna
- Demetrius of Phalerum
- Demetrius the Cynic
- Democritus
- Demonax
- Denis Diderot
- Derek Parfit
- Dharmakirti
- Dieter Henrich
- Dignaga
- Diodorus Cronus
- Diogenes Laertius
- Diogenes of Apollonia
- Diogenes of Babylon
- Diogenes of Oenoanda
- Diogenes of Sinope
- Dogen
- Domingo de Soto
- Donald Davidson
- Dong Zhongshu
- Donna Haraway
- Duns Scotus
E
- Edgar Sheffield Brightman
- Edith Stein
- Edmund Burke
- Edmund Husserl
- Edouard Glissant
- Eduard von Hartmann
- Eduardo Nicol
- Edward Caird
- Eisai
- Elizabeth Anscombe
- Emanuele Severino
- Emile Boutroux
- Emile Durkheim
- Emilie du Chatelet
- Emmanuel Chukwudi Eze
- Emmanuel Levinas
- Emmanuel Mounier
- Empedocles
- Enrique Dussel
- Epictetus
- Epicurus
- Erasmus
- Eric Voegelin
- Erich Fromm
- Ernest Nagel
- Ernest Renan
- Ernst Bloch
- Ernst Cassirer
- Ernst Mach
- Ernst Tugendhat
- Etienne Bonnot de Condillac
- Etienne Gilson
- Eubulides of Miletus
- Eudemus of Rhodes
- Eugen Fink
- Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy
- Eugenio Trias
- Eusebius of Caesarea
F
- F. C. S. Schiller
- F. H. Bradley
- Fabien Eboussi Boulaga
- Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
- Faustus Socinus
- Fazlur Rahman
- Felicite de Lamennais
- Felix Guattari
- Felwine Sarr
- Feng Youlan
- Ferdinand de Saussure
- Ferdinand Lassalle
- Ferdinand Tonnies
- Francesco Guicciardini
- Francesco Patrizi
- Francis Bacon
- Francis Hutcheson
- Francisco de Vitoria
- Francisco Romero
- Francisco Suarez
- Frank Jackson
- Frank Ramsey
- Frantz Fanon
- Franz Brentano
- Franz Rosenzweig
- Frederick Copleston
- Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg
- Friedrich Albert Lange
- Friedrich Engels
- Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi
- Friedrich Kittler
- Friedrich Nietzsche
- Friedrich Schelling
- Friedrich Schiller
- Friedrich Schlegel
- Friedrich Schleiermacher
- Fyodor Dostoevsky
G
- G. A. Cohen
- G. E. Moore
- Gabriel Biel
- Gabriel Marcel
- Gabriel Tarde
- Gabrielle Suchon
- Galen
- Galen Strawson
- Galileo Galilei
- Galvano della Volpe
- Gaston Bachelard
- Gaudapada
- Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak
- Gemistus Pletho
- Georg Henrik von Wright
- Georg Lukacs
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
- George Berkeley
- George Boole
- George Herbert Mead
- George Santayana
- Georges Bataille
- Gershom Scholem
- Gersonides
- Giambattista Vico
- Gianni Vattimo
- Gilbert Harman
- Gilbert of Poitiers
- Gilbert Ryle
- Gilbert Simondon
- Gilles Deleuze
- Gillian Rose
- Giordano Bruno
- Giorgio Agamben
- Giorgio Colli
- Giovanni Gentile
- Girolamo Cardano
- Gorgias
- Gottfried Leibniz
- Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
- Gottlob Frege
- Graham Priest
- Gregory of Nazianzus
- Gregory of Nyssa
- Guo Xiang
- Gustav Fechner
H
- Hadewijch of Antwerp
- Hakuin Ekaku
- Han Feizi
- Hannah Arendt
- Hannah More
- Hans Albert
- Hans Blumenberg
- Hans Jonas
- Hans Kelsen
- Hans Reichenbach
- Hans Urs von Balthasar
- Hans-Georg Gadamer
- Harry Frankfurt
- Hasdai Crescas
- Hassan Hanafi
- Hecato of Rhodes
- Hedwig Conrad-Martius
- Heinrich Rickert
- Helen Longino
- Helmuth Plessner
- Heloise
- Henri Bergson
- Henri de Saint-Simon
- Henri Lefebvre
- Henri Poincare
- Henry David Thoreau
- Henry Home, Lord Kames
- Henry James Sr.
- Henry More
- Henry Odera Oruka
- Henry of Ghent
- Henry Sidgwick
- Henry Suso
- Heraclides Lembus
- Heraclides Ponticus
- Heraclitus
- Herbert Marcuse
- Herbert Spencer
- Hermann Cohen
- Hermann Lotze
- Hermarchus
- Hierocles the Stoic
- Hilary Putnam
- Hildegard of Bingen
- Hipparchia of Maroneia
- Hippasus of Metapontum
- Hippias of Elis
- Hippodamus of Miletus
- Hippolyte Taine
- Honen
- Hortense Spillers
- Hrotsvitha of Gandersheim
- Hu Shi
- Hugh of Saint Victor
- Hugo Grotius
- Hypatia of Alexandria
I
- Iamblichus
- Ian Hacking
- Ibn al-Haytham
- Ibn Arabi
- Ibn Bajja
- Ibn Hazm
- Ibn Khaldun
- Ibn Taymiyyah
- Ibn Tufayl
- Ignacio Ellacuria
- Ikkyu Sojun
- Immanuel Kant
- Imre Lakatos
- Inoue Tetsujiro
- Iris Marion Young
- Iris Murdoch
- Isaac Abarbanel
- Isaac Abravanel
- Isaac Israeli
- Isaac Newton
- Isabelle Stengers
- Isidore of Seville
- Israel Salanter
- Ivan Ilyin
- Ivan Kireevsky
J
- J. L. Austin
- J. L. Mehta
- Jaakko Hintikka
- Jacobus Arminius
- Jacques Derrida
- Jacques Lacan
- Jacques Maritain
- Jacques Ranciere
- Jaegwon Kim
- Jaimini
- Jan Lukasiewicz
- Jan Patocka
- Jane Addams
- Jean Baudrillard
- Jean Buridan
- Jean Cavailles
- Jean Gerson
- Jean Hyppolite
- Jean le Rond d'Alembert
- Jean Wahl
- Jean-Francois Lyotard
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- Jean-Luc Marion
- Jean-Luc Nancy
- Jean-Paul Sartre
- Jean-Pierre Vernant
- Jeremy Bentham
- Jeremy Waldron
- Jiddu Krishnamurti
- Jinul
- Joachim of Fiore
- Johann Friedrich Herbart
- Johann Georg Hamann
- Johann Gottfried Herder
- Johann Gottlieb Fichte
- Johann Nicolaus Tetens
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
- Johannes Tauler
- John B. Cobb Jr.
- John Caird
- John Calvin
- John Chrysostom
- John Climacus
- John D. Caputo
- John Dewey
- John Findlay
- John Finnis
- John Henry Newman
- John Hick
- John Italos
- John Locke
- John Mackie
- John Mbiti
- John McDowell
- John McTaggart
- John of Damascus
- John of Salisbury
- John of the Cross
- John Pecham
- John Philoponus
- John Rawls
- John Scotus Eriugena
- John Searle
- John Stuart Mill
- John Toland
- John Wyclif
- Jonardon Ganeri
- Jonathan Edwards
- Jose Carlos Mariategui
- Jose Ortega y Gasset
- Jose Vasconcelos
- Joseph Albo
- Joseph Butler
- Joseph de Maistre
- Joseph Glanvill
- Joseph Pieper
- Joseph Priestley
- Joseph Raz
- Joseph Soloveitchik
- Josiah Royce
- Juan Luis Vives
- Judah Halevi
- Judith Butler
- Judith Jarvis Thomson
- Julia Kristeva
- Julian of Norwich
- Julien Offray de La Mettrie
- Jurgen Habermas
- Justin Martyr
- Justus Lipsius
K
L
- Lactantius
- Lalla
- Lao Tzu
- Lastheneia of Mantinea
- Leo Strauss
- Leo Tolstoy
- Leon Brunschvicg
- Leonardo Bruni
- Leopold Sedar Senghor
- Leopoldo Zea
- Leszek Kolakowski
- Leucippus
- Lev Karsavin
- Lev Shestov
- Lewis Gordon
- Lewis White Beck
- Li Zehou
- Liang Qichao
- Liang Shuming
- Liezi
- Linda Martin Alcoff
- Linda Zagzebski
- Linji Yixuan
- Liu Zongzhou
- Longchenpa
- Lord Bolingbroke
- Lord Shaftesbury
- Lorenzo Valla
- Lou Andreas-Salome
- Louis Althusser
- Louis de Bonald
- Louis Lavelle
- Lu Jiuyuan
- Luce Irigaray
- Lucien Goldmann
- Lucien Levy-Bruhl
- Lucius Annaeus Cornutus
- Lucretius
- Ludwig Feuerbach
- Ludwig Wittgenstein
- Luigi Pareyson
- Luis de Molina
- Luis Villoro
- Lycophron
M
- Macrina the Younger
- Macrobius
- Madame de Lambert
- Madame de Stael
- Madeleine de Scudery
- Madhusudana Sarasvati
- Madhva
- Mahatma Gandhi
- Mahmoud Mohamed Taha
- Maimonides
- Maine de Biran
- Marcien Towa
- Marcus Aurelius
- Margaret Cavendish
- Margaret Fell
- Margaret Fuller
- Marguerite of Navarre
- Marguerite Porete
- Maria Lugones
- Maria Zambrano
- Marie de Gournay
- Marilyn Frye
- Marin Mersenne
- Mario Tronti
- Marius Victorinus
- Mark Eugenikos
- Markus Gabriel
- Marpa Lotsawa
- Marquis de Condorcet
- Marsilio Ficino
- Marsilius of Padua
- Martha Nussbaum
- Martin Buber
- Martin Heidegger
- Martin Luther
- Maruyama Masao
- Mary Anne Warren
- Mary Astell
- Mary Daly
- Mary Hesse
- Mary Midgley
- Mary Shepherd
- Mary Warnock
- Mary Whiton Calkins
- Mary Wollstonecraft
- Maurice Blanchot
- Maurice Blondel
- Maurice Merleau-Ponty
- Max Horkheimer
- Max Scheler
- Max Stirner
- Max Weber
- Maximus of Tyre
- Maximus the Confessor
- Mechthild of Magdeburg
- Meister Eckhart
- Melissus of Samos
- Mencius
- Menippus of Gadara
- Michael Dummett
- Michael Oakeshott
- Michael Polanyi
- Michael Psellos
- Michael Sandel
- Michel de Montaigne
- Michel Foucault
- Michel Serres
- Mikhail Bakhtin
- Mikhail Bakunin
- Miki Kiyoshi
- Milarepa
- Mir Damad
- Miranda Fricker
- Miskawayh
- Mogobe Ramose
- Mohammed Abed al-Jabri
- Montesquieu
- Mordecai Kaplan
- Mortimer Adler
- Moses Mendelssohn
- Mou Zongsan
- Mozi
- Muhammad Iqbal
- Mulla Sadra
- Musonius Rufus
N
- Nagarjuna
- Nakae Chomin
- Nancy Fraser
- Naropa
- Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
- Nelson Goodman
- Nemesius of Emesa
- Ngugi wa Thiong'o
- Niccolo Machiavelli
- Nichiren
- Nicholas of Autrecourt
- Nicholas of Cusa
- Nicholas Oresme
- Nicola Abbagnano
- Nicolas Malebranche
- Niels Bohr
- Niklas Luhmann
- Nikolai Berdyaev
- Nikolai Chernyshevsky
- Nikolai Fyodorov
- Nikolai Lossky
- Nishida Kitaro
- Nishitani Keiji
- Noam Chomsky
- Norberto Bobbio
- Norman Malcolm
- Novalis
- Numenius of Apamea
O
P
- P. F. Strawson
- Padmasambhava
- Panaetius
- Paracelsus
- Parmenides
- Patanjali
- Patricia Churchland
- Patricia Hill Collins
- Paul Feyerabend
- Paul Ricoeur
- Paul Tillich
- Paul Virilio
- Paulin Hountondji
- Paulo Freire
- Pavel Florensky
- Peregrinus Proteus
- Persaeus of Citium
- Peter Abelard
- Peter Damian
- Peter Geach
- Peter Kropotkin
- Peter Lombard
- Peter Ramus
- Peter Singer
- Peter Sloterdijk
- Petrarch
- Petrus Olivi
- Pherecydes of Syros
- Philip Melanchthon
- Philippa Foot
- Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe
- Philo of Alexandria
- Philo of Larissa
- Philodemus
- Philolaus
- Phintys of Sparta
- Photios I
- Pico della Mirandola
- Pierre Bayle
- Pierre Bourdieu
- Pierre Charron
- Pierre d'Ailly
- Pierre Duhem
- Pierre Gassendi
- Pierre Hadot
- Pierre Klossowski
- Pierre Leroux
- Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
- Pietro Pomponazzi
- Placide Tempels
- Plato
- Plotinus
- Plutarch
- Polemo
- Polus
- Polystratus
- Pope Gregory the Great
- Porphyry
- Posidonius
- Proclus
- Prodicus of Ceos
- Protagoras
- Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
- Pyotr Chaadaev
- Pyrrho of Elis
- Pythagoras
Q
R
- R. M. Hare
- Rabindranath Tagore
- Raimon Panikkar
- Raja Ram Mohan Roy
- Ralph Cudworth
- Ralph Waldo Emerson
- Ramana Maharshi
- Ramanuja
- Ramon Llull
- Reinhart Koselleck
- Reinhold Niebuhr
- Rene Descartes
- Rene Girard
- Richard Cumberland
- Richard of Saint Victor
- Richard Rorty
- Richard Swinburne
- Richard Wollheim
- Rinchen Zangpo
- Robert Boyle
- Robert Brandom
- Robert Grosseteste
- Robert Kilwardby
- Robert Nozick
- Robert Spaemann
- Roberto Mangabeira Unger
- Roderick Chisholm
- Rodolfo Kusch
- Roger Bacon
- Roger Scruton
- Roger T. Ames
- Roland Barthes
- Roman Ingarden
- Romano Guardini
- Ronald Dworkin
- Rosi Braidotti
- Roy Bhaskar
- Roy Wood Sellars
- Rudolf Carnap
- Rumi
- Ruth Barcan Marcus
S
- Saadia Gaon
- Sadiq Jalal al-Azm
- Saicho
- Sakya Pandita
- Salomon Maimon
- Samuel Clarke
- Samuel Pufendorf
- Samuel Ramos
- Samuel Taylor Coleridge
- Sara Ahmed
- Sarah Grimke
- Saraha
- Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
- Saul Kripke
- Sayyed Hossein Nasr
- Sebastian Castellio
- Sebastian Franck
- Semyon Frank
- Seneca the Younger
- Sergei Bulgakov
- Sextus Empiricus
- Seyla Benhabib
- Shang Yang
- Shantideva
- Shao Yong
- Shen Buhai
- Shinran
- Sidney Hook
- Siger of Brabant
- Sigmund Freud
- Simon Blackburn
- Simone de Beauvoir
- Simone Weil
- Simplicius
- Slavoj Zizek
- Socrates
- Solomon ibn Gabirol
- Solon
- Sophie de Grouchy
- Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz
- Soren Kierkegaard
- Sosipatra of Ephesus
- Souleymane Bachir Diagne
- Speusippus
- Sphaerus of Borysthenes
- Sri Aurobindo
- Sri Ramakrishna
- Stanislaw Lesniewski
- Stanley Cavell
- Stephen Toulmin
- Stilpo
- Strato of Lampsacus
- Stuart Hampshire
- Suhrawardi
- Sun Tzu
- Susan Haack
- Susan Sontag
- Susan Stebbing
- Susan Wolf
- Susanne Langer
- Swami Vivekananda
- Sylvia Wynter
- Synesius of Cyrene
T
- T. H. Green
- T. M. Scanlon
- Tadeusz Kotarbinski
- Tan Sitong
- Tanabe Hajime
- Tang Junyi
- Teles of Megara
- Teresa of Avila
- Tertullian
- Thales of Miletus
- Theano
- Themistius
- Theodor Adorno
- Theodore Beza
- Theodore Metochites
- Theodore Parker
- Theophrastus
- Thich Nhat Hanh
- Thomas Aquinas
- Thomas Bradwardine
- Thomas Carlyle
- Thomas Hobbes
- Thomas Huxley
- Thomas Kuhn
- Thomas More
- Thomas Nagel
- Thomas Reid
- Thrasymachus
- Tilopa
- Timothy Williamson
- Tommaso Campanella
- Tran Nhan Tong
- Tsongkhapa
- Tu Weiming
U
V
W
- W. E. B. Du Bois
- W. V. O. Quine
- Walter Benjamin
- Walter Burley
- Walter Kaufmann
- Walter Mignolo
- Wang Bi
- Wang Chong
- Wang Tingxiang
- Wang Yangming
- Watsuji Tetsuro
- Wendy Brown
- Werner Heisenberg
- Wesley Salmon
- Wilfrid Sellars
- Wilhelm Dilthey
- Wilhelm von Humboldt
- Wilhelm Windelband
- Wilhelm Wundt
- Will Kymlicka
- William Ellery Channing
- William Frankena
- William Hamilton
- William James
- William of Auvergne
- William of Conches
- William of Ockham
- William Paley
- William Stanley Jevons
- William Whewell
- William Wollaston
- Wonhyo