1001Philosophers

Bruno Bauer 1809 – 1882

Bruno Bauer was a German theologian, philosopher, and historian of the early Christian church and one of the leading figures of the Young Hegelian movement in the 1830s and 1840s. Initially a right-wing Hegelian biblical scholar at Bonn, he moved into a radical critical position from which the Gospels appeared as imaginative literary constructions rather than historical reports, a thesis for which he lost his theological teaching license in 1842. His briefly close engagement with the young Marx ended in a celebrated polemical break in The Holy Family, and his later writings turned increasingly toward conservative political and historical themes.

Key facts

Nationality
German
Era
Modern
Movements
Continental, German Idealism

Selected quotes

  • Attributed to Bruno Bauer:

    “The Gospels are works of literature, not of history.”

  • Attributed to Bruno Bauer:

    “Religion is the consciousness of self projected as another.”

  • Attributed to Bruno Bauer:

    “Self-consciousness is the principle of all true criticism.”

  • Attributed to Bruno Bauer:

    “What once seemed substance dissolves under careful inquiry.”

  • Attributed to Bruno Bauer:

    “Critique is the laboratory of every emerging epoch.”