1001Philosophers

Claude Adrien Helvetius 1715 – 1771

Claude Adrien Helvetius was a French Enlightenment philosopher, tax-farmer, and patron of the philosophes. His treatise On the Mind, published in 1758, applied Locke's empiricism to a sweeping theory of human nature according to which all our thought is derived from sensation and all our action from self-interest. The book was condemned by the Sorbonne, the Pope, and the French parlement and became one of the most discussed works of the high Enlightenment. His posthumous A Treatise on Man developed his thesis that education rather than nature is the source of the differences between human beings.

Key facts

Nationality
French
Era
Modern
Movements
Enlightenment

Selected quotes

  • Attributed to Claude Adrien Helvetius:

    “Education makes us what we are.”

  • Attributed to Claude Adrien Helvetius:

    “Self-interest is the spring of every action.”

  • Attributed to Claude Adrien Helvetius:

    “The variations among men are not natural, but the result of education.”

  • Attributed to Claude Adrien Helvetius:

    “All knowledge comes from sensation.”

  • Attributed to Claude Adrien Helvetius:

    “The greatest happiness of the greatest number is the foundation of morals and legislation.”