Isaac Israeli c. 855 – c. 955

Isaac ben Solomon Israeli was an Egyptian-born Jewish physician and philosopher, often counted as the first medieval Jewish Neoplatonist. He served as court physician to the early Fatimid caliphs in Kairouan in what is now Tunisia. His Latin-translated medical and philosophical works circulated widely in the medieval schools and were known to Aquinas, while his Book of Definitions and Book of Substances articulate a Neoplatonic emanationist metaphysics in dialogue with Aristotelian categories. He lived to a great age and is reported never to have married, devoting his life to medicine and philosophy.