1001Philosophers

Most Famous Post-Structuralism Philosophers

Post-structuralism is a broad current of late 20th-century continental philosophy and theory that emerged in France in the 1960s and 1970s, in critical engagement with the structuralism of Saussure, Levi-Strauss, and others. Its leading figures include Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, Gilles Deleuze, Jean-Francois Lyotard, and Julia Kristeva, though many of these thinkers rejected the label. Post-structuralism is characterised by suspicion of stable meaning, the unmasking of conceptual oppositions, attention to the entanglement of knowledge and power, and an interest in the historical conditions and exclusions of dominant discourses. The movement decisively shaped subsequent literary theory, gender and queer theory, postcolonial studies, and political philosophy. Despite its origins in continental philosophy, it has had global influence.

Philosophers in this tradition

  • Georges Bataille 1897 – 1962 · French

    Georges Bataille was a French philosopher, novelist, and librarian whose work occupied a singular position at the edges of surrealism, sociology, and the history of religions. A...

  • Judith Butler b. 1956 · American

    Judith Butler is an American philosopher whose Gender Trouble made the performative theory of gender central to contemporary feminism, queer theory, and political thought. Drawi...

  • Jacques Derrida 1930 – 2004 · French

    Jacques Derrida was a 20th-century French philosopher, born in French Algeria, who developed the influential approach to philosophical, literary, and political analysis known as...

  • Friedrich Kittler 1943 – 2011 · German

    Friedrich Adolf Kittler was a German literary scholar and media theorist and one of the principal architects of the German tradition of media philosophy. After studies at Freibu...

  • Gilles Deleuze 1925 – 1995 · French

    Gilles Deleuze was a 20th-century French philosopher, one of the most influential figures of post-structuralist continental philosophy. His early monographs on Hume, Bergson, Sp...

  • Jean-Francois Lyotard 1924 – 1998 · French

    Jean-Francois Lyotard was a 20th-century French philosopher, sociologist, and literary theorist, one of the leading figures of post-structuralism and a central exponent of postm...

  • Alain Badiou b. 1937 · French

    Alain Badiou is a French philosopher, a former student of Louis Althusser, and one of the leading figures of post-Maoist French philosophy. His Being and Event grounds an auster...

  • Claude Levi-Strauss 1908 – 2009 · French

    Claude Levi-Strauss was a French anthropologist and philosopher and the founder of structural anthropology. Influenced by Roman Jakobson's structural linguistics and his own fie...

  • Michel Foucault 1926 – 1984 · French

    Michel Foucault was a 20th-century French philosopher, historian, and social theorist, one of the most influential figures of post-war continental philosophy. His major works, i...

  • Roland Barthes 1915 – 1980 · French

    Roland Barthes was a French literary theorist, semiotician, and essayist. His Mythologies submitted the codes of everyday French life to a structural reading, while Elements of ...

  • Gianni Vattimo 1936 – 2023 · Italian

    Gianteresio Vattimo, known as Gianni Vattimo, was an Italian philosopher and politician and the principal architect of what he called pensiero debole, weak thought. A pupil of L...

  • Jacques Lacan 1901 – 1981 · French

    Jacques Marie Emile Lacan was a French psychiatrist and psychoanalyst whose return to Freud through structural linguistics reshaped psychoanalytic theory and exerted a wide infl...

  • Byung-Chul Han b. 1959 · Korean-German

    Byung-Chul Han is a Korean-born German philosopher and cultural theorist, professor at the Berlin University of the Arts, whose short and aphoristic books have become widely rea...

  • Bruno Latour 1947 – 2022 · French

    Bruno Latour was a French philosopher, anthropologist, and sociologist of science, and one of the principal architects of actor-network theory and the field of science and techn...

  • Giorgio Agamben b. 1942 · Italian

    Giorgio Agamben is an Italian philosopher whose Homo Sacer project, begun in 1995, has reshaped contemporary political philosophy through a radical genealogy of sovereignty, bar...

  • Jean Baudrillard 1929 – 2007 · French

    Jean Baudrillard was a French sociologist and philosopher and one of the most provocative voices of late twentieth-century social theory. After early work on consumer society in...

  • Paul Virilio 1932 – 2018 · French

    Paul Virilio was a French philosopher, urbanist, and cultural theorist whose work made speed the central category of contemporary politics. Trained as an architect and shaped by...

  • Slavoj Zizek b. 1949 · Slovenian

    Slavoj Zizek is a Slovenian philosopher, cultural critic, and one of the most prominent public intellectuals working in the broadly Hegelian and Lacanian tradition. The Sublime ...

  • Umberto Eco 1932 – 2016 · Italian

    Umberto Eco was an Italian philosopher, semiotician, novelist, and one of the most widely read public intellectuals of his time. A Theory of Semiotics and The Role of the Reader...

  • Donna Haraway b. 1944 · American

    Donna Haraway is an American philosopher of science, biologist, and feminist theorist who has been one of the most influential voices in late-twentieth and twenty-first century ...

  • Sara Ahmed b. 1969 · British-Australian

    Sara Ahmed is a British-Australian feminist philosopher and independent scholar, formerly professor at Goldsmiths, University of London, whose work has shaped contemporary femin...

  • Felix Guattari 1930 – 1992 · French

    Pierre-Felix Guattari was a French psychoanalyst, political activist, and philosopher and the long-time collaborator of Gilles Deleuze. After training as a psychoanalyst at the ...

  • Luce Irigaray b. 1930 · Belgian-French

    Luce Irigaray is a Belgian-born French philosopher, psychoanalyst, and linguist, and one of the most influential feminist thinkers of the late twentieth century. Speculum of the...

  • Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak b. 1942 · Indian-American

    Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak is an Indian-American literary theorist and philosopher, professor at Columbia University, and one of the founding figures of postcolonial studies. He...

  • Julia Kristeva b. 1941 · Bulgarian-French

    Julia Kristeva is a Bulgarian-French philosopher, literary critic, and psychoanalyst whose work has shaped semiotics, feminist theory, and contemporary continental philosophy. R...

  • Bernard Stiegler 1952 – 2020 · French

    Bernard Stiegler was a French philosopher of technology, a former pupil of Jacques Derrida, and one of the most original thinkers of digital culture in the late twentieth and ea...

  • Boris Groys b. 1947 · Russian-German

    Boris Groys is a Russian-born German philosopher, art critic, and media theorist, professor at New York University, whose work has reshaped the philosophy of contemporary art an...

  • Catherine Malabou b. 1959 · French

    Catherine Malabou is a French philosopher, a former student of Jacques Derrida, and the leading thinker of plasticity in contemporary philosophy. From The Future of Hegel onward...

  • Jean-Luc Nancy 1940 – 2021 · French

    Jean-Luc Nancy was a French philosopher whose work extended the heritage of Heidegger and Derrida into an original thinking of community, the body, and shared existence. After t...

  • Maurice Blanchot 1907 – 2003 · French

    Maurice Blanchot was a French writer, literary theorist, and philosopher whose work occupies a singular place in twentieth-century French thought. After early right-wing politic...

  • Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe 1940 – 2007 · French

    Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe was a French philosopher, literary theorist, and translator, a long-time colleague of Jean-Luc Nancy at the University of Strasbourg, and a major interp...

  • Pierre Klossowski 1905 – 2001 · French

    Pierre Klossowski was a French philosopher, novelist, translator, and visual artist, the elder brother of the painter Balthus, and one of the strangest figures of mid-twentieth-...

  • Rosi Braidotti b. 1954 · Italian-Australian

    Rosi Braidotti is an Italian-Australian philosopher, distinguished university professor at Utrecht University, and one of the leading figures of contemporary feminist philosophy...