Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 1201 – 1274

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi was a Persian polymath, philosopher, and astronomer who served first the Ismaili Nizari rulers of Alamut and then, after the Mongol conquest, the Ilkhanid court. From his observatory at Maragha he directed an international team of astronomers whose work on planetary models, including the Tusi couple, influenced both later Islamic astronomy and the development of European heliocentric thought. His Nasirean Ethics is a major work of Islamic moral philosophy, and he produced original contributions in mathematics, logic, and Avicennan philosophy. He died in Baghdad.