Ramon Llull 1232 – 1316

Ramon Llull was a Catalan philosopher, theologian, mystic, and missionary, the first major author to write philosophical and literary works in the vernacular Catalan. After a worldly youth at the Mallorcan court, a series of visions of Christ crucified turned him to a life of evangelism. He produced more than two hundred and fifty works, including the Ars Magna, an attempt at a universal logic combining the divine attributes by means of rotating diagrams, and the Book of the Lover and the Beloved, a compendium of mystical aphorisms. His combinatorial logic anticipated themes later developed by Leibniz.