Solomon ibn Gabirol c. 1021 – c. 1058

Solomon ibn Gabirol was an Andalusian Jewish philosopher and Hebrew poet. His philosophical treatise, the Fountain of Life, written in Arabic, developed an emanationist Neoplatonic metaphysics in which all things below God are composed of universal matter and universal form. Translated into Latin in the twelfth century under the title Fons Vitae, the work circulated in the medieval Latin schools under the name of an author taken to be Christian or Muslim, Avicebron, and shaped scholastic debate. His Hebrew religious and secular poetry, including the long philosophical poem the Royal Crown, places him among the great medieval Hebrew poets.