1001Philosophers

Suhrawardi 1154 – 1191

Shihab al-Din Suhrawardi was a Persian philosopher and the founder of the Illuminationist school of Islamic philosophy. Drawing on Avicennan philosophy, ancient Persian wisdom, and Neoplatonism, he developed in The Philosophy of Illumination a metaphysics in which reality consists of a graded series of lights emanating from a Light of Lights and made known to the soul through a direct intuitive vision. He criticized the Peripatetic reliance on definition and opened a path toward a more presence-based epistemology. He was executed at thirty-six by order of the Ayyubid prince of Aleppo.

Key facts

Nationality
Persian
Era
Medieval
Movements
Islamic, Medieval

Selected quotes

  • Attributed to Suhrawardi:

    “Light is the most evident of all things, and through it everything else becomes evident.”

  • Attributed to Suhrawardi:

    “Existence is light, and the difference between things is in the intensity of their light.”

  • Attributed to Suhrawardi:

    “Knowledge by presence is more certain than knowledge by representation.”

  • Attributed to Suhrawardi:

    “The Light of Lights is the source from which all other lights derive.”

  • Attributed to Suhrawardi:

    “The soul knows itself directly, without need of intermediary.”